How to Find HardDisk Partitian UUID, Label , Type and Device node Identifier in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

 Some times you need to know the  device node identifier. e.g. /dev/sda1, a partition UUID,  a partition label or partition type (ntfs,fat32 etc). By using the following command you can see all the  relevant information about your partitions.


 Open a Terminal

$ sudo blkid -c /dev/null

sample output

/dev/sda1: UUID="D8C0A470C0A45692" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda5: LABEL="Ddrive" UUID="FA0C1D8C0C1D44D3" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda6: UUID="1ccc38e0-5981-438b-adc0-d90301eee022" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda7: UUID="03a0bd37-b163-49a2-b1a9-33017d764ba8" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda8: LABEL="ibex" UUID="61f6b15b-8be8-43d8-904f-4e599b608994" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
/dev/sda9: UUID="3b70839c-525c-490c-9892-791a539b3005" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
/dev/sda10: LABEL="EDrive" UUID="E8B8420AB841D7A8" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/ramzswap0: TYPE="swap"

How to Monitor Realtime Network Traffic in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

Here you can see How to Monitor Realtime  Incoming Network Traffic in Ubuntu / Debian Linux with simple Utility IFSTAT

How to Install ifstat

Open a terminal

$ sudo apt-get install ifstat

How to run

$ ifstat

output

eth0                  eth1                     

 KB/s in  KB/s out   KB/s in  KB/s out   

    4.67      5.21      3.67      5.05  

    3.93      4.59      0.38      0.74  

    3.93      4.59      6.19      8.30  

    3.93      4.59      3.03      4.33  

sudo with out asking password in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

How to sudo with out asking password in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

open a terminal 

$ sudo visudo

Now Add this line at the end (change “panayara” to your username):

panayara ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Ctrl-X to leave, save your changes, and you're done!

What are seven fields in the Ubuntu Linux Password file

What are seven fields in the /etc/passwd file (Ubuntu Linux Password file)

      1          2    3     4         5                   6                   7

username:x:UID:GID:comment:home directory:shell

"username" is login name.
"x" is link of password.
"UID" stands for userID.
"GID" stands for groupID.

Common Filesystem Types used in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

Filesystem Types
* The most common filesystem types are:
ext2,ext3,ext4               The standard Linux filesystems

iso9660                          The filesystem used on CD-ROMs

proc                  Not a real filesystem, so uses none as the device.
                         Used as a way for the kernel to report  system information to user processes

Sysfs               exports information about devices and drivers from the kernel device model to user space
 
vfat                The filesystem used by Windows 95

auto                Not a real filesystem type. Used as a way of asking the mount command to probe for various
                       filesystem types, particularly for removable media

ReiserFS         is a general-purpose, journaled computer file system designed and implemented by a team at 
                       Namesys led by Hans Reiser      
 

 XFS       is a journaling filesystem,  developed  by  SGI

JFS       is  a  journaling  filesystem,  developed  by IBM 

 
tmpfs             is a common name for a temporary file storage facility on many Unix-like operating systems
 
usbfs              USB Device Filesystem.

Networked filesystems include
nfs (Unix-specific)
smbfs (Windows or Samba)

List of Server applications you can run in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

Name of some Server applications you can run in Ubuntu / Debian Linux

apache — Web server

boa — lightweight Web server
sshd — ssh server
sendmail — mail server
qmail — mail server
postfix — mail server
named — DNS server

bind    --- DNS Server
squid — Web proxy server
nessusd — penetration testing server
postgresql — database server
mysql — database server
oracle — database server

telnet — telnet server
wu-ftpd —  ftp server
vsftpf  ---- ftp server  
samba  --  windows file sharing


And more............